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The black-legged tick  Ixodes scapularis  transmits the human anaplasmosis agent,  Anaplasma phagocytophilum . In this study, we show that  A. phagocytophilum  specifically up-regulates  I. scapularis  organic anion transporting polypeptide,  isoatp4056  and kynurenine amino transferase ( kat ), a gene involved in the production of tryptophan metabolite xanthurenic acid (XA), for its survival in ticks. RNAi analysis revealed that knockdown of  isoatp4056  expression had no effect on  A. phagocytophilum  acquisition from the murine host but affected the bacterial survival in tick cells. Knockdown of the expression of  kat  mRNA alone or in combination with  isoatp4056  mRNA significantly affected  A. phagocytophilum  survival and  isoatp4056  expression in tick cells. Exogenous addition of XA induces  isoatp4056  expression and  A. phagocytophilum  burden in both tick salivary glands and tick cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays provide further evidence that  A. phagocytophilum  and XA influences  isoatp4056  expression. Collectively, this study provides important novel information in understanding the interplay between molecular pathways manipulated by a rickettsial pathogen to survive in its arthropod vector.

Human rickettsial pathogen modulates arthropod organic anion transporting polypeptide and tryptophan pathway for its survival in ticks