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Recent discovery of pyrite FeO$_2$, which can be an important ingredient ofthe Earth's lower mantle and which in particular may serve as an extra sourceof water in the Earth's interior, opens new perspectives for geophysics andgeochemistry, but this is also an extremely interesting material from physicalpoint of view. We found that in contrast to naive expectations Fe is nearly 3+in this material, which strongly affects its magnetic properties and makes itqualitatively different from well known sulfide analogue - FeS$_2$. Doping,which is most likely to occur in the Earth's mantle, makes FeO$_2$ much moremagnetic. In addition we show that unique electronic structure places FeO$_2$"in between" the usual dioxides and peroxides making this system interestingboth for physics and solid state chemistry.

Unexpected 3+ valence of iron in FeO$_2$, a geologically important material lying "in between" oxides and peroxides