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Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) osteitis was more common in Finland than elsewhere at the time when universal BCG vaccinations were given to Finnish newborns. There is evidence that IL-17 plays a role in the defense against tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of  IL17A  rs4711998,  IL17A  rs8193036 and  IL17A  rs2275913 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of BCG osteitis after newborn vaccination.  IL17A  rs4711998, rs8193036 and rs2275913 SNPs were determined in 131 adults had presented with BCG osteitis after newborn BCG vaccination. We analyzed, using the HaploView and PLINK programs, whether allele or haplotype frequencies of these SNPs differ between the former BCG osteitis patients and Finnish population controls. Of the three  IL17A  SNPs studied, rs4711998 associated nominally with BCG osteitis; minor allele frequency was 0.215 in 130 BCG osteitis cases and 0.298 in 99 controls (p = 0.034). Frequency of the second common haplotype (GTA) differed significantly between BCG osteitis cases and controls (0.296  vs . 0.184, p = 0.040 after multi-testing correction). The GTA haplotype of the  IL17A  SNPs rs4711998, rs8193036 and rs2275913 was associated with osteitis after BCG vaccination.

Haplotype of the Interleukin 17A gene is associated with osteitis after Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination