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The proteolytic system of  Lactobacillus  plays an essential role in bacterial growth, contributes to the flavor development of fermented products, and can release bioactive health-beneficial peptides during milk fermentation. In this work, a genomic analysis of all genes involved in the proteolytic system of  L .  delbrueckii  subsp.  lactis  CRL 581 was performed. Genes encoding the cell envelope-associated proteinase, two peptide transport systems, and sixteen peptidases were identified. The influence of the peptide supply on the transcription of 23 genes involved in the proteolytic system of  L .  delbrueckii  subsp.  lactis  was examined after cell growth in a chemically defined medium (CDM) and CDM supplemented with Casitone.  prtL ,  oppA   1 ,  optS ,  optA  genes as well as o ppDFBC  and  optBCDF  operons were the most highly expressed genes in CDM; their expression being repressed 6- to 115-fold by the addition of peptides. The transcriptional analysis was confirmed by proteomics; the up-regulation of the PrtL, PepG, OppD and OptF proteins in the absence of peptides was observed while the DNA-binding protein YebC was up-regulated by peptides. Binding of YebC to the promoter region of  prtL ,  oppA   1 , and  optS , demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, showed that YebC acts as a transcriptional repressor of key proteolytic genes.

YebC, a putative transcriptional factor involved in the regulation of the proteolytic system of Lactobacillus