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Previous studies have shown that GOLPH3 mediates cell growth, proliferation and differentiation and inhibits cell apoptosis; however, the role of GOLPH3 in cumulus granulosa cells and the value of GOLPH3 in predicting ICSI pregnancy outcomes remain unknown until now. Our findings showed higher positive expression rate, score of staining intensity, and immunohistochemical score of GOLPH3 in the cumulus granulosa cells of the pregnant women relative to non-pregnant women, and a higher apoptotic rate of cumulus granulosa cells was detected in non-pregnant women than in pregnant women. Pearson correlation analyses revealed that pregnancy correlated negatively with GOLPH3 expression and apoptosis of cumulus granulosa cells, and positively with the number of follicles punctured, number of grade III oocytes, number of eggs retrieved for ICSI, number of zygotes, number of cleavage-stage embryos, number of top-quality embryos, number of blastocysts, number of top-quality blastocysts, and number of frozen embryos. GOLPH3 may be involved in the apoptosis of cumulus granulosa cells, which may correlate with oocyte maturation and egg development. GOLPH3 expression in cumulus granulosa cells may facilitate the selection of top-quality eggs and embryos, the prediction of the clinical pregnancy outcomes of ICSI, and the increase of the pregnancy rate.

Effect of GOLPH3 on cumulus granulosa cell apoptosis and ICSI pregnancy outcomes