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E3 ligases play significant roles in plant stress tolerance by targeting specific substrate proteins for post-translational modification. In a previous study, we cloned  TaPUB1  from  Triticum aestivum  L., which encodes a U-box E3 ligase. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that the gene was up-regulated under drought stress. To investigate the function of  TaPUB1  in the response of plants to drought, we generated transgenic  Nicotiana benthamiana  ( N .  benthamiana ) plants constitutively expressing  TaPUB1  under the  CaMV35S  promoter. Compared to wild type (WT), the transgenic plants had higher germination and seedling survival rates as well as higher photosynthetic rate and water retention, suggesting that the overexpression of  TaPUB1  enhanced the drought tolerance of the  TaPUB1  overexpressing (OE) plants. Moreover, less accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stronger antioxidant capacity were detected in the OE plants than in the WT plants. To characterize the mechanisms involved, methyl viologen (MV) was used to induce oxidative stress conditions and we identified the functions of this gene in the plant tolerance to oxidative stress. Our results suggest that  TaPUB1  positively modulates plant drought stress resistance potential by improving their antioxidant capacity.

Wheat TaPUB1 modulates plant drought stress resistance by improving antioxidant capability