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The ICR (Imprinting Control Region) of the  Peg3  (Paternally Expressed Gene 3) domain contains an unusual cluster of YY1 binding sites. In the current study, these YY1 binding sites were mutated to characterize the unknown roles in the mouse  Peg3  domain. According to the results, paternal and maternal transmission of the mutant allele did not cause any major effect on the survival of the pups. In the mutants, the maternal-specific DNA methylation on the ICR was properly established and maintained, causing no major effect on the imprinting of the domain. In contrast, the paternal transmission resulted in changes in the expression levels of several genes: down-regulation of  Peg3  and  Usp29  and up-regulation of  Zim1 . These changes were more pronounced during the neonatal stage than during the adult stage. In the case of  Peg3  and  Zim1 , the levels of the observed changes were also different between males and females, suggesting the different degrees of YY1 involvement between two sexes. Overall, the results indicated that YY1 is mainly involved in controlling the transcriptional levels, but not the DNA methylation, of the  Peg3  domain.

YY1’s role in the Peg3 imprinted domain