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Several anti-cancer therapies target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Radionuclide imaging of EGFR expression in tumours may aid in selection of optimal cancer therapy. The  111 In-labelled DOTA-conjugated Z EGFR:2377  Affibody molecule was successfully used for imaging of EGFR-expressing xenografts in mice. An optimal combination of radionuclide, chelator and targeting protein may further improve the contrast of radionuclide imaging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the targeting properties of radiocobalt-labelled DOTA-Z EGFR:2377 . DOTA-Z EGFR:2377  was labelled with  57 Co (T 1/2  = 271.8 d),  55 Co (T 1/2  = 17.5 h), and, for comparison, with the positron-emitting radionuclide  68 Ga (T 1/2  = 67.6 min) with preserved specificity of binding to EGFR-expressing A431 cells. The long-lived cobalt radioisotope  57 Co was used in animal studies. Both  57 Co-DOTA-Z EGFR:2377  and  68 Ga-DOTA-Z EGFR:2377  demonstrated EGFR-specific accumulation in A431 xenografts and EGFR-expressing tissues in mice. Tumour-to-organ ratios for the radiocobalt-labelled DOTA-Z EGFR:2377  were significantly higher than for the gallium-labelled counterpart already at 3 h after injection. Importantly,  57 Co-DOTA-Z EGFR:2377  demonstrated a tumour-to-liver ratio of 3, which is 7-fold higher than the tumour-to-liver ratio for  68 Ga-DOTA-Z EGFR:2377 . The results of this study suggest that the positron-emitting cobalt isotope  55 Co would be an optimal label for DOTA-Z EGFR:2377  and further development should concentrate on this radionuclide as a label.

The use of radiocobalt as a label improves imaging of EGFR using DOTA-conjugated Affibody molecule