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Oocytes that undergo  in vitro  maturation (IVM) are metabolically abnormal and accumulate excess lipid content. However, the mechanism of lipid accumulation and the role of cumulus cells in this process are unclear. Recently, it was shown that fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) performed intra- and extracellular fatty acid transport. We postulated that FABP3 might be responsible for fatty acid transport from cumulus cells to the oocytes  via  transzonal projections (TZPs) during IVM. Transcript and protein levels of FABP3 were analyzed in both  in vivo - and  in vitro -matured cumulus-oocyte-complexes and were increased in IVM samples. Further analysis showed increased lipid content in oocytes and cumulus cells in IVM samples compared to  in vivo -derived. We therefore speculated that altered traffic of fatty acids  via  FABP3 during IVM was the mechanism leading to the excess of lipids accumulated within IVM oocytes. Furthermore, we demonstrated an increase in FABP3 levels and lipid content during the first 9 h of IVM, further strengthening the possibility of fatty acid transport  via  FABP3 and TZPs. Additionally, disruptions of TZPs during IVM decreased lipid accumulation in oocytes. Our results shed light on a possible mechanism involving FABP3 and TZPs that causes excess lipid accumulation in oocytes during IVM.

Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 And Transzonal Projections Are Involved In Lipid Accumulation During In Vitro Maturation Of Bovine Oocytes