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Quantum sensors are used for precision timekeeping, field sensing, andquantum communication. Comparisons among a distributed network of these sensorsare capable of, for example, synchronizing clocks at different locations. Theperformance of a sensor network is limited by technical challenges as well asthe inherent noise associated with the quantum states used to realize thenetwork. For networks with only local entanglement at each node, the noiseperformance of the network improves at best with square root of the number ofnodes. Here, we demonstrate that nonlocal entanglement between network nodesoffers better scaling with network size. A shared quantum nondemolitionmeasurement entangles a clock network with up to four nodes. This networkprovides up to 4.5 dB better precision than one without nonlocal entanglement,and 11.6 dB improvement as compared to a network of sensors operating at thequantum projection noise limit. We demonstrate the generality of the approachwith atomic clock and atomic interferometer protocols, in scientific andtechnologically relevant configurations optimized for intrinsicallydifferential comparisons of sensor outputs.

Distributed quantum sensing with a mode-entangled network of spin-squeezed atomic states