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Revealing universal behaviors is a hallmark of statistical physics. Phenomenasuch as the stochastic growth of crystalline surfaces, of interfaces inbacterial colonies, and spin transport in quantum magnets all belong to thesame universality class, despite the great plurality of physical mechanismsthey involve at the microscopic level. This universality stems from a commonunderlying effective dynamics governed by the non-linear stochasticKardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation. Recent theoretical works suggest that thisdynamics also emerges in the phase of out-of-equilibrium systems displayingmacroscopic spontaneous coherence. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that theevolution of the phase in a driven-dissipative one-dimensional polaritoncondensate falls in the KPZ universality class. Our demonstration relies on adirect measurement of KPZ space-time scaling laws, combined with a theoreticalmicroscopic analysis that consistently reveals the other key signatures of thisuniversality class, together with the possible resilience of KPZ dynamics tothe presence of space-time vortices. Our results highlight fundamental physicaldifferences between out-of-equilibrium condensates and their equilibriumcounterparts, and open a new paradigm for exploring universal behaviors in opensystems.

Observation of KPZ universal scaling in a one-dimensional polariton condensate