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Coherent ranging, also known as frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW)laser based ranging (LIDAR) is currently developed for long range 3D distanceand velocimetry in autonomous driving. Its principle is based on mappingdistance to frequency, and to simultaneously measure the Doppler shift ofreflected light using frequency chirped signals, similar to Sonar or Radar.Yet, despite these advantages, coherent ranging exhibits lower acquisitionspeed and requires precisely chirped and highly-coherent laser sources,hindering their widespread use and impeding Parallelization, compared to moderntime-of-flight (TOF) ranging that use arrays of individual lasers. Here wedemonstrate a novel massively parallel coherent LIDAR scheme using a photonicchip-based microcomb. By fast chirping the pump laser in the soliton existencerange of a microcomb with amplitudes up to several GHz and sweep rate up to 10MHz, the soliton pulse stream acquires a rapid change in the underlying carrierwaveform, while retaining its pulse-to-pulse repetition rate. As a result, thechirp from a single narrow-linewidth pump laser is simultaneously transferredto all spectral comb teeth of the soliton at once, and allows for trueparallelism in FMCW LIDAR. We demonstrate this approach by generating 30distinct channels, demonstrating both parallel distance and velocitymeasurements at an equivalent rate of 3 Mpixel/s, with potential to improvesampling rates beyond 150 Mpixel/s and increase the image refresh rate of FMCWLIDAR up to two orders of magnitude without deterioration of eye safety. Thepresent approach, when combined with photonic phase arrays based onnanophotonic gratings, provides a technological basis for compact, massivelyparallel and ultra-high frame rate coherent LIDAR systems.

Massively parallel coherent laser ranging using soliton microcombs