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Optical frequency combs consist of equally spaced discrete optical frequencycomponents and are essential tools for optical communications and for precisionmetrology, timing and spectroscopy. To date, wide-spanning combs are most oftengenerated by mode-locked lasers or dispersion-engineered resonators withthird-order Kerr nonlinearity. An alternative comb generation method useselectro-optic (EO) phase modulation in a resonator with strong second-ordernonlinearity, resulting in combs with excellent stability and controllability.Previous EO combs, however, have been limited to narrow widths by a weak EOinteraction strength and a lack of dispersion engineering in free-spacesystems. In this work, we overcome these limitations by realizing an integratedEO comb generator in a thin-film lithium niobate photonic platform thatfeatures a large electro-optic response, ultra-low optical loss and highlyco-localized microwave and optical felds, while enabling dispersionengineering. Our measured EO frequency comb spans more than the entiretelecommunications L-band (over 900 comb lines spaced at ~ 10 GHz), and we showthat future dispersion engineering can enable octave-spanning combs.Furthermore, we demonstrate the high tolerance of our comb generator tomodulation frequency detuning, with frequency spacing finely controllable overseven orders of magnitude (10 Hz to 100 MHz), and utilize this feature togenerate dual frequency combs in a single resonator. Our results show thatintegrated EO comb generators, capable of generating wide and stable combspectra, are a powerful complement to integrated Kerr combs, enablingapplications ranging from spectroscopy to optical communications.

Broadband electro-optic frequency comb generation in an integrated microring resonator