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Galaxies are surrounded by large reservoirs of gas, mostly hydrogen, fed byinflows from the intergalactic medium and by outflows due to galactic winds.Absorption-line measurements along the sightlines to bright and rare backgroundquasars indicate that this circumgalactic medium pervades far beyond the extentof starlight in galaxies, but very little is known about the spatialdistribution of this gas. A new window into circumgalactic environments wasrecently opened with the discovery of ubiquitous extended Lyman-alpha emissionfrom hydrogen around high-redshift galaxies, facilitated by the extraordinarysensitivity of the MUSE instrument at the ESO Very Large Telescope. Due to thefaintness of this emission, such measurements were previously limited toespecially favourable systems or to massive statistical averaging. Here wedemonstrate that low surface brightness Lyman-alpha emission surrounding faintgalaxies at redshifts between 3 and 6 adds up to a projected sky coverage ofnearly 100%. The corresponding rate of incidence (the mean number ofLyman-alpha emitters penetrated by any arbitrary line of sight) is well aboveunity and similar to the incidence rate of high column density absorbersfrequently detected in the spectra of distant quasars. This similarity suggeststhat most circumgalactic atomic hydrogen at these redshifts has now beendetected also in emission.

Nearly all the sky is covered by Lyman-alpha emission around high redshift galaxies