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Theoretical models and numerical simulations have established a framework ofgalaxy evolution in which galaxies merge and create dual supermassive blackholes (with separations of one to ten kiloparsecs), which eventually sink intothe centre of the merger remnant, emit gravitational waves and coalesce. Themerger also triggers star formation and supermassive black hole growth, and gasoutflows regulate the stellar content. Although this theoretical picture issupported by recent observations of starburst-driven and supermassive blackhole-driven outflows, it remains unclear how these outflows interact with theinterstellar medium. Furthermore, the relative contributions of star formationand black hole activity to galactic feedback remain unknown. Here we reportobservations of dual outflows in the central region of the prototypical mergerNGC 6240. We find a black-hole-driven outflow of [O III] to the northeast and astarburst-driven outflow of H{\alpha} to the northwest. The orientations andpositions of the outflows allow us to isolate them spatially and study theirproperties independently. We estimate mass outflow rates of 10 and 75 solarmasses per year for the H{\alpha} bubble and the [O III] cone, respectively.Their combined mass outflow is comparable to the star formation rate,suggesting that negative feedback on star formation is occurring.

Two Separate Outflows in the Dual Supermassive Black Hole System NGC 6240