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The Zeeman effect describes the energy change of an atomic quantum state inmagnetic field. The magnitude and the direction of this change depend on thedimensionless Lande g-factor. In quantum solids, the response of the Blochelectron states to the magnetic field also exhibits the Zeeman effect with aneffective g-factor that was theoretically predicted to be dependent on themomentum. While typically negligible in many ordinary solids, themomentum-dependent variation of the g-factor is theorized to be substantiallyenhanced in many topological and magnetic systems. However, themomentum-dependence of the g-factor is notoriously difficult to extract and itis yet to be directly experimentally measured. In this work, we report theexperimental discovery of a strongly momentum-dependent g-factor in a kagomemagnet YMn6Sn6. Using spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscopy, wemap the evolution of a massive Dirac band in the vicinity of the Fermi level asa function of magnetic field. We find that electronic states at differentlattice momenta exhibit markedly different Zeeman energy shifts, giving rise toan anomalous g-factor that peaks around the Dirac point. Our work provides thefirst momentum-resolved visualization of Dirac band curvature manipulation bymagnetic field, which should in principle be highly relevant to othertopological kagome magnets.

Manipulation of Dirac band curvature and momentum-dependent g-factor in a kagome magnet YMn6Sn6