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Multi-principal-element metallic alloys have created a growing interest thatis unprecedented in metallurgical history, in exploring the property limits ofmetals and the governing physical mechanisms. Refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs) have drawn particular attention due to their (i) high melting pointsand excellent softening-resistance, which are the two key requirements forhigh-temperature applications; and (ii) compositional space, which is immenseeven after considering cost and recyclability restrictions. However, RHEAs alsoexhibit intrinsic brittleness and oxidation-susceptibility, which remain assignificant challenges for their processing and application. Here, utilizingnatural-mixing characteristics amongst refractory elements, we designed aTi38V15Nb23Hf24 RHEA that exhibits >20% tensile ductility already at theas-cast state, and physicochemical stability at high-temperatures. Exploringthe underlying deformation mechanisms across multiple length-scales, we observethat a rare beta prime precipitation strengthening mechanism governs itsintriguing mechanical response. These results also reveal the effectiveness ofnatural-mixing tendencies in expediting HEA discovery.

Natural-mixing guided design of refractory high-entropy alloys with as-cast tensile ductility