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Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been phenomenologically classified into long andshort populations based on the observed bimodal distribution of duration.Multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observations in recent years have revealedthat in general long GRBs originate from massive star core collapse events,whereas short GRBs originate from binary neutron star mergers. It has beenknown that the duration criterion is sometimes unreliable, and multi-wavelengthcriteria are needed to identify the physical origin of a particular GRB. Someapparently long GRBs have been suggested to have a neutron star merger origin,whereas some apparently short GRBs have been attributed to genuinely long GRBswhose short, bright emission is slightly above the detector's sensitivitythreshold. Here we report the comprehensive analysis of the multi-wavelengthdata of a bright short GRB 200826A. Characterized by a sharp pulse, this burstshows a duration of 1 second and no evidence of an underlying longer-durationevent. Its other observational properties such as its spectral behaviors, totalenergy, and host galaxy offset, are, however, inconsistent with those of othershort GRBs believed to originate from binary neutron star mergers. Rather,these properties resemble those of long GRBs. This burst confirms the existenceof short duration GRBs with stellar core-collapse origin, and presents somechallenges to the existing models.

A Peculiarly Short-duration Gamma-Ray Burst from Massive Star Core Collapse