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The young massive Jupiters discovered with high-contrast imaging provide aunique opportunity to study the formation and early evolution of gas giantplanets. A key question is to what extent gravitational energy from accretedgas contributes to the internal energy of a newly formed planet. This has ledto a range of formation scenarios from 'cold' to 'hot' start models. For aplanet of a given mass, these initial conditions govern its subsequentevolution in luminosity and radius. Except for upper limits from radialvelocity studies, disk modelling, and dynamical instability arguments, no massmeasurements of young planets are yet available to distinguish between thesedifferent models. Here we report on the detection of the astrometric motion ofBeta Pictoris, the 21 Myr-old host star of an archetypical directly-imaged gasgiant planet, around the system's centre of mass. Subtracting the highlyaccurate Hipparcos-Gaia proper motion from the internal 3-yr Hipparcosastrometric data reveals the reflex motion of the star, giving amodel-independent planet mass of M=11+-2 MJup. This is consistent withscenarios in which the planet is formed in a high-entropy state as assumed byhot start models. The ongoing data collection by Gaia will in the near futurelead to mass measurements of other young gas giants and form a great asset tofurther constrain early evolution scenarios.

The mass of the young planet Pictoris b through the astrometric motion of its host star