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Significant efforts have focused on the magnetic excitations of relativisticMott insulators, predicted to realize the Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL).This exactly solvable model involves a highly entangled state resulting frombond-dependent Ising interactions that produce excitations which are non-localin terms of spin flips. A key challenge in real materials is identifying therelative size of the non-Kitaev terms and their role in the emergence orsuppression of fractional excitations. Here, we identify the energy andtemperature boundaries of non-Kitaev interactions by direct comparison of theRaman susceptibility of RuCl3 with quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) results for theKitaev QSLs. Moreover, we further confirm the fractional nature of the magneticexcitations, which is given by creating a pair of fermionic quasiparticles.Interestingly, this fermionic response remains valid in the non-Kitaev range.Our results and focus on the use of the Raman susceptibility provide astringent new test for future theoretical and experimental studies of QSLs.

The range of non-Kitaev terms and fractional particles in RuCl$_3$