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Motivated by the widespread experimental observations of nematicity instrongly underdoped cuprate superconductors, we investigate the possibility ofenhanced nematic fluctuations in the vicinity of a Mott insulator that displaysN\'eel-type antiferromagnetic order. By performing a strong-coupling expansionof an effective model that contains both Cu-$d$ and O-$p$ orbitals on thesquare lattice, we demonstrate that quadrupolar fluctuations in the$p$-orbitals inevitably generate a biquadratic coupling between the spins ofthe $d$-orbitals. The key point revealed by our classical Monte Carlosimulations and large-$N$ calculations is that the biquadratic term favorslocal stripe-like magnetic fluctuations, which result in an enhanced nematicsusceptibility that onsets at a temperature scale determined by the effectiveHeisenberg exchange $J$. We discuss the impact of this type of nematic order onthe magnetic spectrum and outline possible implications on our understanding ofnematicity in the cuprates.

Enhanced nematic fluctuations near an antiferromagnetic Mott insulator and possible application to high-$T_{c}$ cuprates