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Recent progress in integrated-optics technology has made photonics apromising platform for quantum networks and quantum computation protocols.Integrated optical circuits are characterized by small device footprints andunrivalled intrinsic interferometric stability. Here, we take advantage offemtosecond-laser-written waveguides' ability to process polarization-encodedqubits and present the first implementation of a heralded controlled-NOT gateon chip. We evaluate the gate performance in the computational basis and asuperposition basis, showing that the gate can create polarization entanglementbetween two photons. Transmission through the integrated device is optimizedusing thermally-expanded-core fibers and adiabatically reduced mode-fielddiameters at the waveguide facets. This demonstration underlines thefeasibility of integrated quantum gates for all-optical quantum networks andquantum repeaters.

Integrated-optics heralded controlled-NOT gate for polarization-encoded qubits