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Research on charge-density-wave (CDW) ordered transition-metaldichalcogenides continues to unravel new states of quantum matter correlated tothe intertwined lattice and electronic degrees of freedom. Here, we report aninelastic x-ray scattering investigation of the lattice dynamics of thecanonical CDW compound $2H$-TaSe$_2$ complemented by angle-resolvedphotoemission spectroscopy. Our results rule out the central-peak scenario forthe CDW transition in $2H$-TaSe$_2$ and provide evidence for a novel precursorphase above the CDW transition temperature $T_{CDW}$. The phase at temperaturesbetween $T^{*}\,(= 128.7\,,\rm{K})$ and $T_{CDW}\,(= 121.3\,\rm{K})$ ischaracterized by a fully softened phonon mode and medium-range ordered($\xi_{corr} = 100\,\rm{\mathring{A}}- 200\,\rm{\mathring{A}})$ static CDWdomains. Only $T_{CDW}$ is detectable in our photoemission experiments. Thus,$2H$-TaSe$_2$ exhibits structural before electronic static order and emphasizesthe important lattice contribution to CDW transitions.

Precursor phase with full phonon softening above the charge-density-wave phase transition in $2H$-TaSe$_2$