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Over the last decade, the possibility of realizing topologicalsuperconductivity (TSC) has generated much excitement, mainly due to thepotential use of its excitations (Majorana zero modes) in a fault-toleranttopological quantum computer 1,2. TSC can be created in electronic systemswhere the topological and superconducting orders coexist3, motivating thecontinued exploration of candidate material platforms to this end. Here, we usemolecular beam epitaxy (MBE) to synthesize heterostructures that host emergentinterfacial superconductivity when a non-superconducting antiferromagnet (FeTe)is interfaced with a topological insulator (TI) (Bi, Sb)2Te3 wherein thechemical potential can be tuned through varying the Bi/Sb ratio. By performingin-vacuo angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and ex-situelectrical transport measurements, we find that the superconducting transitiontemperature and the upper critical magnetic field are suppressed when thechemical potential approaches the Dirac point. This observation implies adirect correlation between the interfacial superconductivity and Diracelectrons of the TI layer. We provide evidence to show that the observedinterfacial superconductivity and its chemical potential dependence is theresult of the competition between the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida-typeferromagnetic coupling mediated by Dirac surface states and antiferromagneticexchange couplings that generate the bicollinear antiferromagnetic order in theFeTe layer. The Dirac-fermion-assisted interfacial superconductivity in(Bi,Sb)2Te3/FeTe heterostructures provides a new approach to probe TSC andMajorana physics in hybrid devices and potentially constitutes an alternativeplatform for topological quantum computation.

Dirac-Fermion-Assisted Interfacial Superconductivity in Epitaxial Topological Insulator/Iron Chalcogenide Heterostructures