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Magnetic impurities on superconductors lead to bound states within thesuperconducting gap, so called Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states. They are parityprotected, which enhances their lifetime, but makes it more difficult to excitethem. Here, we realize the excitation of YSR states by microwaves facilitatedby the tunnel coupling to another superconducting electrode in a scanningtunneling microscope (STM). We identify the excitation process through a familyof anomalous microwave-assisted tunneling peaks originating from a second-orderresonant Andreev process, in which the microwave excites the YSR statetriggering a tunneling event transferring a total of two charges. We vary theamplitude and the frequency of the microwave to identify the energy thresholdand the evolution of this excitation process. Our work sets an experimentalbasis and proof-of-principle for the manipulation of YSR states usingmicrowaves with an outlook towards YSR qubits.

Microwave Excitation of Atomic Scale Superconducting Bound States