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Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, andimportant sources of $^{26}$Al and $^{22}$Na. While gamma rays from the decayof the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, $^{22}$Naremains untraceable. The half-life of $^{22}$Na (2.6 yr) would allow theobservation of its 1.275 MeV gamma-ray line from a cosmic source. However, theprediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of the nuclearreactions involved in the production and destruction of this nucleus. The$^{22}$Na($p,\gamma$)$^{23}$Mg reaction remains the only source of largeuncertainty about the amount of $^{22}$Na ejected. Its rate is dominated by asingle resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in $^{23}$Mg. In thepresent work, a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations andvelocity-difference profiles is proposed to measure femtosecond nuclearlifetimes. The application of this novel method to the study of the $^{23}$Mgstates, combining magnetic and highly-segmented tracking gamma-rayspectrometers, places strong limits on the amount of $^{22}$Na produced innovae, explains its non-observation to date in gamma rays (flux < 2.5x$10^{-4}$ph/(cm$^2$s)), and constrains its detectability with future space-borneobservatories.

Search for $^{22}$Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes