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Dissipative Kerr soliton (DKS) frequency combs - also known as microcombs -have arguably created a new field in cavity nonlinear photonics, with a strongcross-fertilization between theoretical, experimental, and technologicalresearch. Spatiotemporal mode-locking (STML) not only add new degrees offreedom to ultrafast laser technology, but also provide new insights forimplementing analogue computers and heuristic optimizers with photonics. Here,we combine the principles of DKS and STML for the first time to demonstrate theSTML DKS by developing an unexplored ultrahigh-quality-factor Fabry-Perotmicroresonator based on graded index multimode fiber (GRIN-MMF). Using theintermodal stimulated Brillouin scattering, we can selectively excite eitherthe eigenmode DKS or the STML DKS. Furthermore, we demonstrate an ultralownoise microcomb that enhances the photonic flywheel performance in both thefundamental comb linewidth and DKS timing jitter. The demonstrated fundamentalcomb linewidth of 400 mHz and DKS timing jitter of 500 attosecond representimprovements of 25x and 2.5x, respectively, from the state-of-the-art. Ourresults show the potential of GRIN-MMF FP microresonators as an ideal testbedfor high-dimensional nonlinear cavity dynamics and photonic flywheel withultrahigh coherence and ultralow timing jitter.

Spatiotemporal mode-locking and photonic flywheel in multimode microresonators