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Recently, photons have been observed to possess transverse orbital angularmomentum (OAM); however, it is unclear as whether they can hold a transverseOAM higher than 1. Here, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate thathigh-order spatiotemporal Bessel optical vortices (STBOVs) can stably carrytransverse OAM even beyond $10^2$. Through the inverse design of the spiralphase, an STBOV of any order can be controllably generated using a 4f pulseshaper. In contrast to conventional longitudinal OAM, the vector direction ofthe transverse OAM can be distinguished by the unique time-symmetricalevolution of STBOVs. More interestingly, the stability of STBOVs improves withtheir increasing orders owing to enhanced space-time coupling, making thesebeams particularly suitable for the generation of ultra-high transverse OAM.Our work paves the way for further research and application of this unique OAMof photons.

Generation of robust spatiotemporal optical vortices with transverse orbital angular momentum beyond $10^2$