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Nickel-based complex oxides have served as a playground for decades in thequest for a copper-oxide analog of the high-temperature superconductivity. Theymay provide clues towards understanding the mechanism and an alternative routefor high-temperature superconductors. The recent discovery of superconductivityin the infinite-layer nickelate thin films has fulfilled this pursuit. However,material synthesis remains challenging, direct demonstration of perfectdiamagnetism is still missing, and understanding of the role of the interfaceand bulk to the superconducting properties is still lacking. Here, we showhigh-quality Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 thin films with different thicknesses anddemonstrate the interface and strain effects on the electrical, magnetic andoptical properties. Perfect diamagnetism is achieved, confirming the occurrenceof superconductivity in the films. Unlike the thick films in which thenormal-state Hall-coefficient changes signs as the temperature decreases, theHall-coefficient of films thinner than 5.5 nm remains negative, suggesting athickness-driven band structure modification. Moreover, X-ray absorptionspectroscopy reveals the Ni-O hybridization nature in doped infinite-layernickelates, and the hybridization is enhanced as the thickness decreases.Consistent with band structure calculations on the nickelate/SrTiO3heterostructure, the interface and strain effect induce a dominatingelectron-like band in the ultrathin film, thus causing the sign-change of theHall-coefficient.

Observation of perfect diamagnetism and interfacial effect on the electronic structures in Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 superconducting infinite layers