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The majority of high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSCs) are deficient in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair, most commonly due to mutations or hypermethylation of the  BRCA1 / 2  genes. We aimed to discover how  BRCA1/2  mutations shape the cellular phenotypes and spatial interactions of the tumor microenvironment. Using a highly multiplex immunofluorescence and image analysis we generate spatial proteomic data for 21 markers in 124,623 single cells from 112 tumor cores originating from 31 tumors with  BRCA1/2  mutation ( BRCA1/2 mut), and from 13 tumors without alterations in HR genes. We identify a phenotypically distinct tumor microenvironment in the  BRCA1/2 mut tumors with evidence of increased immunosurveillance. Importantly, we report a prognostic role of a proliferative tumor-cell subpopulation, which associates with enhanced spatial tumor-immune interactions by CD8+ and CD4 + T-cells in the  BRCA1/2 mut tumors. The single-cell spatial landscapes indicate distinct patterns of spatial immunosurveillance with the potential to improve immunotherapeutic strategies and patient stratification in HGSC.

Single-cell tumor-immune microenvironment of BRCA1/2 mutated high-grade serous ovarian cancer