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The collagenases of  Vibrio  species, many of which are pathogens, have been regarded as an important virulence factor. However, there is little information on the structure and collagenolytic mechanism of  Vibrio  collagenase. Here, we report the crystal structure of the collagenase module (CM) of  Vibrio  collagenase VhaC and the conformation of VhaC in solution. Structural and biochemical analyses and molecular dynamics studies reveal that triple-helical collagen is initially recognized by the activator domain, followed by subsequent cleavage by the peptidase domain along with the closing movement of CM. This is different from the peptidolytic mode or the proposed collagenolysis of  Clostridium  collagenase. We propose a model for the integrated collagenolytic mechanism of VhaC, integrating the functions of VhaC accessory domains and its collagen degradation pattern. This study provides insight into the mechanism of bacterial collagenolysis and helps in structure-based drug design targeting of the  Vibrio  collagenase.

Structure of Vibrio collagenase VhaC provides insight into the mechanism of bacterial collagenolysis