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Embedding strong photonic stopbands into traditional optical fibre that candirectly access and sense the outside environment is challenging, relying ontedious nanoprocessing steps that result in fragile thinned fibre. Ultrashortpulsed laser filaments have recently provided a non contact means of openinghigh aspect ratio nanoholes inside of bulk transparent glasses. This method hasbeen extended here to optical fibre, resulting in high density arrays of laserfilamented holes penetrating transversely through the silica cladding andguiding core to provide high refractive index contrast Bragg gratings in thetelecommunication band. The point by point fabrication was combined withpost-chemical etching to engineer strong photonic stopbands directly inside ofthe compact and flexible fibre. Fibre Bragg gratings with sharply resolvedpi-shifts are presented for high resolution refractive index sensing from n = 1to 1.67 as the nano-holes were readily wetted and filled with various solventsand oils through an intact fibre cladding.

Laser Nano-Filament Explosion for Enabling Open-Grating Sensing in Optical Fibre