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Femtosecond light-induced phase transitions between different macroscopicorders provide the possibility to tune the functional properties of condensedmatter on ultrafast timescales. In first-order phase transitions, transientnon-equilibrium phases and inherent phase coexistence often precludenon-ambiguous detection of transition precursors and their temporal onset.Here, we present a study combining time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy andab-initio electron dynamics calculations elucidating the transientsubpicosecond processes governing the photoinduced generation of ferromagneticorder in antiferromagnetic FeRh. The transient photoemission spectra areaccounted for by assuming that not only the occupation of electronic states ismodified during the photoexcitation process. Instead, the photo-generatednon-thermal distribution of electrons modifies the electronic band structure.The ferromagnetic phase of FeRh, characterized by a minority band near theFermi energy, is established 350+- 30 fs after the laser excitation. Ab-initiocalculations indicate that the phase transition is initiated by a photoinducedRh-to-Fe charge transfer.

Subpicosecond metamagnetic phase transition driven by non-equilibrium electron dynamics