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Collective excitations of bound electron-hole pairs -- known as excitons --are ubiquitous in condensed matter, emerging in systems as diverse as bandsemiconductors, molecular crystals, and proteins. Recently, their existence instrongly correlated electron materials has attracted increasing interest due tothe excitons' unique coupling to spin and orbital degrees of freedom. Thenon-equilibrium driving of such dressed quasiparticles offers a promisingplatform for realizing unconventional many-body phenomena and phases beyondthermodynamic equilibrium. Here, we achieve this in the van der Waalscorrelated insulator NiPS$_3$ by photoexciting its newly discoveredspin-orbit-entangled excitons that arise from Zhang-Rice states. By monitoringthe time evolution of the terahertz conductivity, we observe the coexistence ofitinerant carriers produced by exciton dissociation and the long-wavelengthantiferromagnetic magnon that coherently precesses in time. These resultsdemonstrate the emergence of a transient metallic state that preserveslong-range antiferromagnetism, a phase that cannot be reached by simply tuningthe temperature. More broadly, our findings open an avenue toward theexciton-mediated optical manipulation of magnetism.

Exciton-driven antiferromagnetic metal in a correlated van der Waals insulator