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The ability to generate and control strong long-range interactions via highlyexcited electronic states has been the foundation for recent breakthroughs in ahost of areas, from atomic and molecular physics [1, 2] to quantum optics [3,4] and technology [5-7]. Rydberg excitons provide a promising solid-staterealization of such highly excited states, for which record-breaking orbitalsizes of up to a micrometer have indeed been observed in cuprous oxidesemiconductors [8]. Here, we demonstrate the generation and control of strongexciton interactions in this material by optically producing two distinctquantum states of Rydberg excitons. This makes two-color pump-probe experimentspossible that allow for a detailed probing of the interactions. Our experimentsreveal the emergence of strong spatial correlations and an inter-state Rydbergblockade that extends over remarkably large distances of several micrometers.The generated many-body states of semiconductor excitons exhibit universalproperties that only depend on the shape of the interaction potential and yieldclear evidence for its vastly extended-range and power-law character.

Asymmetric Rydberg blockade of giant excitons in Cuprous Oxide