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Changes in stress applied to mantle rocks, such as those imposed byearthquakes, induce a period of evolution in viscosity and microstructure. Thistransient creep is often modelled based on stress transfer among slip systemsdue to grain interactions. However, recent experiments have demonstrated thatthe intragranular accumulation of stresses among dislocations is the dominantcause of strain hardening in olivine at low temperatures, raising the questionof whether the same process contributes to transient creep at highertemperatures. Here, we demonstrate that olivine samples deformed at 25{\deg}Cor 1150 to 1250{\deg}C both contain stress heterogeneities of ~1 GPa that areimparted by dislocations and have correlation lengths of ~1 micrometre. Thesimilar stress distributions formed in both temperature regimes indicate thataccumulation of stresses among dislocations also provides a contribution totransient creep at high temperatures. The results motivate a new generation ofmodels that capture these intragranular processes and may refine predictions ofevolving mantle viscosity over the earthquake cycle.

Dislocation interactions in olivine control postseismic creep of the upper mantle