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Magnetic atoms coupled to the Cooper pairs of a superconductor induceYu-Shiba-Rusinov states (in short Shiba states). In the presence ofsufficiently strong spin-orbit coupling, the bands formed by hybridization ofthe Shiba states in ensembles of such atoms can support low-dimensionaltopological superconductivity with Majorana bound states localized on theensembles' edges. Yet, the role of spin-orbit coupling for the hybridization ofShiba states in dimers of magnetic atoms, the building blocks for such systems,is largely unexplored. Here, we reveal the evolution of hybridizedmulti-orbital Shiba states from a single Mn adatom to artificially constructedferromagnetically and antiferromagnetically coupled Mn dimers placed on aNb(110) surface. Upon dimer formation, the atomic Shiba orbitals split for bothtypes of magnetic alignment. Our theoretical calculations attribute theunexpected splitting in antiferromagnetic dimers to spin-orbit coupling andbroken inversion symmetry at the surface. Our observations point out therelevance of previously unconsidered factors on the formation of Shiba bandsand their topological classification.

Spin-orbit coupling induced splitting of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states in antiferromagnetic dimers