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Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) are an important regulator for immunity, inflammation and tissue homeostasis in the intestine, but how ILC3 activation is regulated remains elusive. Here we identify a new circular RNA (circRNA)  circKcnt2  that is induced in ILC3s during intestinal inflammation. Deletion of  circKcnt2  causes gut ILC3 activation and severe colitis in mice. Mechanistically,  circKcnt2 , as a nuclear circRNA, recruits the nucleosome remodeling deacetylase (NuRD) complex onto  Batf  promoter to inhibit Batf expression; this in turn suppresses  Il17  expression and thereby ILC3 inactivation to promote innate colitis resolution. Furthermore,  Mbd3  −/−  Rag1  −/−  and  circKcnt2  −/−  Rag1  −/−  mice develop severe innate colitis following dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatments, while simultaneous deletion of  Batf  promotes colitis resolution. In summary, our data support a function of the circRNA  circKcnt2  in regulating ILC3 inactivation and resolution of innate colitis.

An inducible circular RNA circKcnt2 inhibits ILC3 activation to facilitate colitis resolution