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Identification of habitable planets beyond our solar system is a key goal ofcurrent and future space missions. Yet habitability depends not only on thestellar irradiance, but equally on constituent parts of the planetaryatmosphere. Here we show, for the first time, that radiatively active mineraldust will have a significant impact on the habitability of Earth-likeexoplanets. On tidally-locked planets, dust cools the day-side and warms thenight-side, significantly widening the habitable zone. Independent of orbitalconfiguration, we suggest that airborne dust can postpone planetary water lossat the inner edge of the habitable zone, through a feedback involvingdecreasing ocean coverage and increased dust loading. The inclusion of dustsignificantly obscures key biomarker gases (e.g. ozone, methane) in simulatedtransmission spectra, implying an important influence on the interpretation ofobservations. We demonstrate that future observational and theoretical studiesof terrestrial exoplanets must consider the effect of dust.

Mineral dust increases the habitability of terrestrial planets but confounds biomarker detection