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Through billions of years of evolution, microorganisms mastered uniqueswimming behaviors to thrive in complex fluid environments. Limitations innanofabrication have thus far hindered the ability to design and programsynthetic swimmers with the same abilities. Here we encode multi-behavioralresponses in artificial swimmers such as microscopic, self-propelled tori usingnanoscale 3D printing. We show experimentally and theoretically that the toricontinuously transition between two primary swimming modes in response to amagnetic field. The tori also manipulate and transport other artificialswimmers, bimetallic nanorods, as well as passive colloidal particles. In thefirst behavioral mode, the tori accumulate and transport nanorods; in thesecond mode, nanorods align along the tori's self-generated streamlines. Ourresults indicate that such shape-programmed microswimmers have the potential tomanipulate biological active matter, e.g. bacteria or cells.

3-D Printed Swimming Microtori for Cargo Transport and Flow Manipulation