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Information of material deformation upon loading is critical to evaluatemechanical properties of materials in general, and key to understandfundamental mechano-stimuli induced response of live systems in particular.Conventionally, such information is obtained at macroscopic scale aboutaveraged properties, which misses the important details of deformation atindividual structures; or at nanoscale with localized properties accessed,which misses the information of deformation at locations away from theforce-loading positions. Here we demonstrate that an integration of nanodiamondorientation sensing and AFM nanoindentation offers a complementary approach tothe nonlocal reconstruction of material deformation. This approach features a 5nm precision in the loading direction and a sub-hundred nanometer lateralresolution. Using this tool, we mapped out the deformation of a PDMS thin filmin air and that of the gelatin microgel particles in water, with precision highenough to disclose the significance of the surface/interface effects in thematerial deformation. The non-local nanometer-precision sensing of deformationupon a local impact brings in new opportunities in studying mechanical responseof complex material systems.

Nanometer-precision non-local deformation reconstruction using nanodiamond orientation sensing