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For spin-based quantum computation in semiconductors, dephasing of electronspins by a fluctuating background of nuclear spins is a main obstacle. Here weshow that this nuclear background can be precisely controlled in genericquantum dots by periodically exciting electron spins. We demonstrate thisuniversal phenomenon in many-electron GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dot ensembles usingoptical pump-probe spectroscopy. A feedback mechanism between the saturableelectron spin polarization and the nuclear system focuses the electron spinprecession frequency into discrete spin modes. Employing such control ofnuclear spin polarization, the electron spin lifetime within individual dotscan surpass the limit of nuclear background fluctuations, thus substantiallyenhancing the spin coherence time. This opens the door to achieve long electronspin coherence times also in lithographically-defined many-electron systemsthat can be controlled in shape, size and position.

Universal nuclear focusing of confined electron spins