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A light beam propagating with an infinite anti-diffracting distance requiresinfinite power to preserve its shape. However, the fundamental barrier offinite power in free space has made the problem of diffraction insurmountableover the past few decades. Here, to overcome this limitation, we report anapproach that employs the multiple energy oscillation mechanism, therebypermitting the creation of a light beam with an ultralong anti-diffractingdistance in free space. The anti-diffracting distance is no longer restrictedby finite power in free space but instead depends on the number of energyoscillations. This unprecedented propagation behavior is attributed to a newunderstanding of non-diffractive light beam: when an anti-diffracting lightbeam completely discharges its energy, it cannot recharge again. A versatileoptical pen is therefore developed to manipulate the number, amplitude,position and phase of energy oscillations for an arbitrary numerical apertureof a focusing lens so that energy recharge can occur in free space and multipleenergy oscillations can be realized. A light beam with a tunable number ofenergy oscillations is eventually generated in free space and propagates alonga wavy trajectory. This work will enable extending non-diffractive light beamsto an expanded realm and facilitate extensive developments in optics and otherresearch fields, such as electronics and acoustics.

Free-space creation of ultralong anti-diffracting light beam with multiple energy oscillations adjusted using optical pen