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ST2 hi  memory-type Th2 cells are identified as a pathogenic subpopulation in eosinophilic airway inflammation. These ST2 hi  pathogenic Th2 cells produce large amount of IL-5 upon T cell receptor stimulation, but not in response to IL-33 treatment. By contrast, IL-33 alone induces cytokine production in ST2 +  group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). Here we show that a MAPK phosphatase  Dusp10  is a key negative regulator of IL-33-induced cytokine production in Th2 cells. In this regard,  Dusp10  is expressed by ST2 hi  pathogenic Th2 cells but not by ILC2, and  Dusp10  expression inhibits IL-33-induced cytokine production. Mechanistically, this inhibition is mediated by DUSP10-mediated dephosphorylation and inactivation of p38 MAPK, resulting in reduced GATA3 activity. The deletion of  Dusp10  renders ST2 hi  Th2 cells capable of producing IL-5 by IL-33 stimulation. Our data thus suggest that DUSP10 restricts IL-33-induced cytokine production in ST2 hi  pathogenic Th2 cells by controlling p38-GATA3 activity.

DUSP10 constrains innate IL-33-mediated cytokine production in ST2hi memory-type pathogenic Th2 cells