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Unconventional superconductivity arising from the interplay between strongspin-orbit coupling and magnetism is an intensive area of research. One form ofunconventional superconductivity arises when Cooper pairs subjected to amagnetic exchange coupling acquire a finite momentum. Here, we report on asignature of finite momentum Cooper pairing in the 3D topological insulatorBi2Se3. We apply in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic fields to proximity-coupledBi2Se3 and find that the in-plane field creates a spatially oscillatingsuperconducting order parameter in the junction as evidenced by the emergenceof an anomalous Fraunhofer pattern. We describe how the anomalous Fraunhoferpatterns evolve for different device parameters, and we use this to understandthe microscopic origin of the oscillating order parameter. The agreementbetween the experimental data and simulations shows that the finite momentumpairing originates from the coexistence of the Zeeman effect and Aharonov-Bohmflux.

Finite momentum Cooper pairing in 3D topological insulator Josephson junctions