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Ethylene regulates many aspects of plant growth and development. It is perceived by a family of ethylene receptors (ETRs) that have been well described. However, a full understanding of ETR function is complicated by functional redundancy between the receptor isoforms. Here, we characterize a new ETR, SlETR7, that was revealed by tomato genome sequencing.  SlETR7  expression in tomato fruit pericarp increases when the fruit ripens and its expression is synchronized with the expression of  SlETR1 ,  SlETR2 , and  SlETR5  which occurs later in the ripening phase than the increase observed for  SlETR3 ,  SlETR4 , and  SlETR6 . We uncovered an error in the  SlETR7  sequence as documented in the ITAG 3 versions of the tomato genome which has now been corrected in ITAG 4, and we showed that it belongs to sub-family II. We also showed that SlETR7 specifically binds ethylene. Overexpression (OE) of  SlETR7  resulted in earlier flowering, shorter plants, and smaller fruit than wild type. Knock-out (KO) mutants of  SlETR7  produced more ethylene at breaker (Br) and Br + 2 days stages compared to wild type (WT), but there were no other obvious changes in the plant and fruit in these mutant lines. We observed that expression of the other  SlETRs  is upregulated in fruit of  SlETR7  KO mutants, which may explain the absence of obvious ripening phenotypes. Globally, these results show that SlETR7 is a functional ethylene receptor. More work is needed to better understand its specific roles related to the six other tomato ETRs.

Roles of SlETR7, a newly discovered ethylene receptor, in tomato plant and fruit development