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Galectin 3-binding protein (LGALS3BP, also known as 90K) is a multifunctional glycoprotein involved in immunity and cancer. However, its precise role in colon inflammation and tumorigenesis remains unclear. Here, we showed that  Lgals3bp  −/−  mice were highly susceptible to colitis and colon tumorigenesis, accompanied by the induction of inflammatory responses. In acute colitis, NF-κB was highly activated in the colon of  Lgals3bp  −/−  mice, leading to the excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNFα, and IL-1β. Mechanistically, Lgals3bp suppressed NF-κB through the downregulation of TAK1 in colon epithelial cells. There was no significant difference in the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels between wild-type and  Lgals3bp  −/−  mice in a chronic inflammatory state, during colon tumorigenesis. Instead,  Lgals3bp  −/−  mice showed elevated levels of GM-CSF, compared to those in WT mice. We also found that GM-CSF promoted the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and ultimately increased colon tumorigenesis in  Lgals3bp  −/−  mice. Taken together, Lgals3bp plays a critical role in the suppression of colitis and colon tumorigenesis through the downregulation of the TAK1-NF-κB-cytokine axis. These findings suggest that LGALS3BP is a novel immunotherapeutic target for colon inflammation and tumorigenesis.

Lgals3bp suppresses colon inflammation and tumorigenesis through the downregulation of TAK1-NF-κB signaling