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Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent professional antigen presenting cells and inducers of T cell-mediated immunity. However, few specific markers of mature DCs (mDC) have been reported. A previous microarray analysis revealed expression of mDC-specific genes and identified  Rsad2  (radical  S -adenosyl methionine domain containing 2) as a candidate specific marker for DC maturation. Mouse bone marrow-derived DCs were transfected with  Rsad2  siRNA and examined by flow cytometry, ELISA, western, and confocal microscopy. C57BL/6 mice received intravenously B16F10 cells to establish a pulmonary metastasis model. Tumor-bearing mice then received subcutaneously two injections of mDCs or  Rsad2  knockdown DCs. The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) population was examined from splenocytes of DC-vaccinated mice by flow cytometry.  Rsad2  was induced at high levels in LPS-stimulated mDCs and mDC function was markedly attenuated under conditions of  Rsad2  knockdown. Moreover,  Rsad2  was necessary for mDC maturation via the IRF7-mediated signaling pathway. The importance of  Rsad2  was confirmed in an  Rsad2  knockdown lung metastasis mouse model in which mDCs lost their antitumor efficacy. Data on the CTL population further supported the results as above. Taken together,  Rsad2  was an obvious and specific marker necessary for DC maturation and these findings will be clearly helpful for further understanding of DC biology.

Rsad2 is necessary for mouse dendritic cell maturation via the IRF7-mediated signaling pathway