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The emerging need for accurate, efficient, inexpensive, and multiparameter monitoring of water quality has led to interest in the miniaturization of benchtop chromatography systems. This paper reports a chip-based ion chromatography (chip-IC) system in which the microvalves, sample channel, packed column, and conductivity detector are all integrated on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) chip. A laser-based bonding technique was developed to guarantee simultaneous robust sealing between the homogeneous and heterogeneous interfaces. A five-electrode-based conductivity detector was presented to improve the sensitivity for nonsuppressed anion detection. Common anions (F − , Cl − , NO 3  − , and SO 4  2− ) were separated in less than 8 min, and a detection limit (LOD) of 0.6 mg L −1  was achieved for SO 4  2− . Tap water was also analyzed using the proposed chip-IC system, and the relative deviations of the quantified concentration were less than 10% when compared with that a commercial IC system.

microsystems and nanoengineering

Chip-based ion chromatography (chip-IC) with a sensitive five-electrode conductivity detector for the simultaneous detection of multiple ions in drinking water