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BackgroundThe baroreflex and central autonomic brain regions together control the cardiovascular system. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) decreases with age in adults. Age-related changes in brain regions for cardiovascular control in children are unknown. We studied age-related changes in BRS, cardiac autonomic tone, and gray matter volume (GMV) of brain regions associated with cardiovascular control.MethodsBeat-to-beat blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were recorded in 49 children (6-14 years old). Spontaneous BRS was calculated by the sequence method. Cardiac autonomic tone was measured by spectral analysis of HR variability. GMV was measured using voxel-based morphometryin 112 healthy children (5-18 years old).ResultsAge-related changes in BRS were significantly different in children &lt;10 years and ≥10 years. Age-related changes in GMV in regions of interest (ROI) were also significantly different between children &lt;10 and ≥10 years and between children &lt;11 and ≥11 years. However, age-related changes in cardiac autonomic tone were progressive.ConclusionsSignificant changes in BRS trajectories between &lt;10 and ≥10 years may be associated with similar age-related changes of GMV in brain ROI. This new knowledge will guide future studies examining whether childhood cardiovascular disruption manifests as deviated maturation trajectories of specific brain regions.

Age-related changes in baroreflex sensitivity and cardiac autonomic tone in children mirrored by regional brain gray matter volume trajectories